Organization and Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Organization and Communication - Essay Example There are employees who feel threatened when they work with other people who are different with age, sex or culture (White 1999, p.477) Also, it could affect the increase in terms of cost of training as the management may have to provide seminars, programs and lectures to counteract the negative effects of diversity in the workplace. The employees need to be taught of accepting the different personalities and ideas or thoughts of their colleagues as well as deal with conflicts (White 1999, p. 478). Another negative effect is that a group for instance may encounter reverse discrimination which usually surfaces due to affirmative action policies. This is common to white males who feel that they have been discriminated unfairly as a result of certain affirmative action policies employed by the management (Brunner, 2003). Increase in conflicts may also arise as a result of the diversity in the workplace. Ignorance is the common root of the conflicts due to some negative dynamics like ethnocentrism, stereotyping and culture clashes. When one feels to be more superior than others, there arises a conflict (White 1999, p. 4 78). There may also be an increase in turnover or absenteeism (White 1999, p. 479). Mismanaged diversity may give way to minority group and majority group. The members of the minority group could most of the time feel less valued as compared to their counterpart which because of stereotype, ethnocentrism and prejudice. The abilities and motivation in this instance could be inhibited which further affects their job performance (Goetz, 2001). Every people in the world has already suffered stress in their lives but until now, the word â€Å"stress† is not yet given its full definition and explanation of what it is all about. When people are asked how they define stress and what makes them stressed, different answers usually come out and different factors are given as to the causes thereof. Stress is one

People with Learning Disability Essay Example for Free

People with Learning Disability Essay To make sure that people with learning difficulties are able to live in their flats independently and not go through any abuse, there are various strategies to help them such as: Protection of Vulnerable Adults scheme (POVA) The Protection of Vulnerable Adults (POVA) scheme was July 2004 was introduced to protect vulnerable adults such as people with learning disability who are aged 18 years and over in care settings. Employers or managers are required to check the POVA list when employing workers, carers or volunteers who are in regular contact with vulnerable adults. They also have a responsibility to refer care workers to the POVA list if they have harmed vulnerable adults in their care. When an individuals name is placed on the POVA list, that person is not able to work with vulnerable adults until his or her name is removed from the list. The POVA scheme is designed to give significantly greater protection to vulnerable adults. Employers have a duty to check that potential new care workers are not on the POVA list before allowing them to work in a care position. They will have to do it as part of the CRB Disclosure application process. Multi-agency working Multi-agency working means different services, agencies, teams of professionals and other staff working together to provide services that meet the needs of vulnerable adults. As multi-agency working supports vulnerable adults such as learning disabled people, it puts them at the centre of decision making in order to meet their needs and improve their lives. Multi agency working encourages problems to be identified early and can be intervened. They share and manage information and keep the information up to date. They keep in track any improvements the clients have made or any improvements that needs to be made. They co-operate with each other. So, if there is any suspicion of abuse, they use the same strategies to deal with the abuse and safeguard adults from any harm or danger. In this way, it helps to minimise the potential for abuse. Working practices needs assessment Service users needs must be assessed so that we are able to know their strengths. We can also find the areas where they need help and support and plan appropriate levels of support to improve the service users lives. Their needs are assessed to monitor if they are improving or getting worse. If the service users needs are not considered or met properly then abuse such as physical, financial, psychological abuse, etc can occur intentionally or unintentionally, which can deteriorate the health of the service user. When assessing the needs of the service users, it is important to identify the vulnerability of the service user so that further steps can be taken to avoid any risk of potential abuse. In this way, needs assessment is vital when care planning for service users. Oral/Written/Electronic communication Communication is an important way of minimising any potential abuse. Effective communication with service users and others involved in their care is essential. We are able to find out their needs and problems if we are able to communicate with them effectively. The information of the service user must only be given to people who need to know about the service user. It should be kept safe and confidential from other people and prevent any risk of harm or danger. For example, keeping information in computers with passwords, etc. Working in partnership with service users It is important that care professionals work in partnership with service users so that they can gain trust from them and feel more empowered. This way they are able to feel more confident when talking about their problems and worries. From this, we are able to find out if they are being abused. They wouldn’t hesitate when talking about the abuse. Partnership with service users also means care professionals helping service users to recognise when a relationship is abusive. Care workers can help them to know more about how to protect themselves by knowing their rights and how to complain. Thus, potential abuse can be minimised by working in partnership with service users. Strategies between professionals and within organisations It is vital to have effective communication between professionals and organisations so that service user is protected. When there are any changes such as improvement in service users or degrading in their health conditions or if there is a suspicion of abuse, information must be shared by communication. By communicating, they are able to monitor the service users well being and they can be up to date with information of service users. They are able to take action and ensure that service users needs are met.

Essay --

Dylan Kippola AMH2010 Feb, 2014 Kinston Hangings In the early hours of February 2, 1864, fifty-three North Carolina men were captured by Confederate forces under the command of Major General Pickett. Within four months of their capture, most would be dead. Most would fall victim to the diseases acquired in Southern P.O.W camps in Richmond, Virginia, and Andersonville, Georgia. However, twenty-two were publicly hanged in Kinston, North Carolina. The wives, neighbors, friends, and former brothers in arms in the Confederate army were forced to watch the executions. From the Confederacies point of view, the executed men were Union soldiers because they deserted. Once captured, they deserved to be treated as prisoners of war. President Abraham Lincoln mentioned this on July 31, 1863. He ordered retaliation on the enemy prisoners in the North’s possession. His response was to kill a Southern P.O.W for every P.O.W the Confederacy killed. The Confederates argued that the men were simply deserters and therefore execution was a legiti mate punishment for them. Desertion was most apparent in North Carolina. North Carolina was contradictory in both providing more soldiers to the Confederate army than any other state and of having more deserters from the army than other states. Although North Carolinian disloyalty to the Confederacy was not any worse than other Southern states, it was more publicly pronounced. North Carolina was the last to secede and did so only after a statewide vote of the people. Because desertion was not a crime in the state, citizens who housed and protected deserters felt safe from arrest for hiding them. It was said that the deserters could band together and defy the officers of the law who came after them because of t... ...e placed over the heads of the condemned and they were hanged. Joining their other deserters. The thirteen remaining condemned men had four days to sit in the jail's dungeon to think about their deaths that would take place on Monday, February 15th. Chaplain Paris described the scene in a letter that appeared shortly afterward in the North Carolina Presbyterian and the Wilmington Journal: "I made my first visit to them as chaplain on Sunday morning. The scene beggars all description. Some of them were comparatively young men. But they made the fatal mistake. They had only twenty-four hours to live.... Here was a wife to say farewell to a husband forever. Here a mother to take the last look at her ruined son, and then a sister who had come to embrace for the last time the brother who had brought disgrace upon the very name she bore by his treason to his country."

Kids should be monitored on the internet Essay

The internet is known for many miraculous advances in today’s technology. We have an unlimited quantity of knowledge on this so-called information super highway. Plus we can purchase merchandise, and talk to friends and family from around the world without leaving the comfort of our own homes. Seems great right? Sure, but if it’s placed in the wrong hands all of this can be spoiled. Particularly when a child is sitting behind the computer screen. This is why I believe children should be monitored while being on the World Wide Web. There are numerous dangers out there that both parents and children should be aware of. First, there is the subject of the â€Å"new and improved† way of shopping, on-line. If a child wonders onto a website of this sort then the child may be able to by something that cannot be afforded, or something the child is prohibited to own, but this is only the beginning of the problems your youngster will encounter if he or she is unsupervised or uneducated about on-line purchasing sites. They might reveal important information such as name, address, credit card, number etc., and if a website is not secure (make sure the website as a privacy policy of some sort) then a hacker -someone who illegally gains access to and sometimes tampers with information in a computer system- may use your personal data for things such as identity theft, and they might even want to learn the whereabouts of you and your little one. It ordinarily doesn’t get this extreme, but you should never take any chances when dealing with something this serious. This leads me to my most important issue. Pedophiles and pornographers on-line. This is an utmost danger for kids on the internet. Kids can find themselves on a pornographic website unintentionally while just surfing the web. For instance if they type the wrong characters into the address bar (Examples: typing .com instead of .org) you may be asking yourself â€Å"Why is this allowed to happen, shouldn’t there be guidelines?† Well in 1996 congress passed a provision known as the Communications Decency Act, (CDA) which was designed to protect children from indecent material on-line. In 1997 the Supreme Court ruled the CDA unconstitutional. It was said to be  against the first amendment, freedom of speech. Lastly, we are on the most critical of things. On-line pedophiles or â€Å"Internet Predators† These are people who prey on children and persuade them to do things that the predator desires. Usually without the child knowing or realizing what is happening is wrong. Predators try and find children on-line such as websites, chat rooms and even e-mail. Usually the predator will try and make friends with the unsuspecting child often pretending to like the same things or even to be the same age as the child. After corresponding with the child for a while the predator will usually want to talk on the phone or meet in person. This could lead to unspeakable situations where the child may be sexually assaulted or even killed. In a study done in 2000, it was discovered that nearly one in five youths had received an unwanted sexual solicitation or approach. It is extremely saddening to hear about these dreadful crimes. Although it is chilling to hear about these crimes, there are ways to protect yourself and your young-ones from the dark places on the internet. First, parents must educate themselves about cyberspace. Most parents don’t even know what a chat room or a screen name is. Another way to keep internet safe is to have your computer in a public place in your home such as the living room or kitchen area. You may be saying to your self that you can’t watch your child all day, but in cases like this you can always get some kind of software that allows you to block certain web pages and even sites with key words (example: drugs, sex, violence) Never forget though not to be too over protective, because if something does happen your kids might be afraid to mention it, in fear that you will be angry with them. In case of an emergency or you just have a question about online safety call the CyberTipline (1-800-843-5678)

Lets Be Lefties For The Day Essay

Today I participated in an assignment designed to help the student to â€Å"accept that discrimination exists â€Å" (DeVry College, 2014, week one lecture, p.3). In our society the majority of people are right handed therefore everything is constructed to accommodate that, versus the small minority of people whom happen to be left-handed. Spending the day as a left-handed person was a challenge and lead to a lot of frustration and unaccomplished tasks. I was forced to think about different ways to do things, and also acknowledge how other people may perceive my capabilities and me. Loosing the use of my right hand was debilitating to me. I could not write down anything that was legible, my hand writing resembled that of a child. Trying to eat my lunch was interesting, it comes natural to cut your food with the knife in your right hand, but it’s quite awkward when you use your left hand. Just has an experiment, the whole experience been quite comical to watch myself struggle with the simplest of things. However I did reflect on how other people would see me and how it would affect my performance at work. How would my boss react if she saw me struggling with different tasks? How would she handle it? How would I want it handled? Would I be discriminated against because I was in a minority group? â€Å"Discrimination is the result of longstanding practices and/or behaviors that have a negative impact on members of subordinate groups† (DeVry College, 2014, week one lecture, p.2). We all know that people can adapt and learn different ways. it is crucial to be aware of diversity in a work place. Diversity is in every aspect of our life’s the workplace. America is made up of hundreds of different ethnicities and definitions of self. It is important that managers and professionals relate and understand the cultures, ethnic and gender differences. But Affirmative Action and the Department of Labor have made it more difficult for employers and companies to discriminate against a  person on the grounds of cultural, ethnic and gender differences. The American workplace has no choice but to adapt and embrace diversity. The U.S Department of the Interior mandates that all managers and supervisors have a minimum of 8 hours annually of equal employment opportunity and diversity training. Diversity is a non-stop processes, no two people are exactly the same and each person brings with them different experiences and new ideas (Kirkman &Shapito, 2001). By providing education and training to the managers it helps foster more cultural sensitivity and the avoidance of stereotypes. As a supervisor or manager it is important to encourage people to be themselves, because everyone works better when they feel appreciated and accepted. Productivity is important to every company and performance will improve if people feel supported in their workplace. (Kirkman & Shapito, 2001). References Chamberlain College of Nursing. (2014). SOCS350 Cultural diversity in the professions: Week 1 lecture. Online Publication.f Nursing (2014) Individual discrimination vs Institutional discrimination Lecture Week 1. http://www.eeoc.gov/policy/docs/national-origin.html Kirkman, B., & Shapiro, D. (n.d.). The Impact of Cultural Values on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in Self-Managing Work Teams: The Mediating Role of Employee Resistance. Academy of Managment Journal, 3(44), 557-569.

The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the USAID

The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the USAID The World Bank Group (WBG) The World Bank is a global institution that supports many countries to realize economic growth. The World Bank funds the developed and developing states research, grants guidance as well as financial aids (World Bank Staff, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the USAID specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The background of WBG The WBG constitutes of more than five organizations aspiring to engage in development. The World Bank launch took place in Washington DC in the fiscal 1944 and has 188 members currently. The establishment aimed to support the restoration of several Asian and European nations that were economically torn apart by the Second World War. In fact, the rational originators of World Bank included Dexter Harry and Keynes John (World Bank Staff, 2011). The WBG does not symbolize a physical bank but an amalgamation of two separ ate growth organizations namely IDA (International Development Association) and IBRD (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development). The World Bank goals The main goal of the World Bank is to heighten the shared proclivity and bring to an end intense poverty in international arena. This goal helps in stimulating the endeavors of global nations in ending the cohorts’ poverty since it is attainable and ambitious. Thus, WBG sustains the amplification of the welfare of societies suffering from poverty and shared propensity. Conversely, modernization and diminution of poverty is the contemporary and outwit goal of the World Bank in the comprehensive and protracting globalization (World Bank Staff, 2011). By the fiscal 2030, WBG aspires to reduce the fraction of people with a living wage below two dollars to three percent. Equally, the World Bank seeks to increase the growth of income of each nation falling below forty percent in development in order to boost their income. For instance, the World Bank has currently initiated a project in Cambodia (A Basic Need to Help Children) in order to help the underdeveloped community having no toilets and those with deprived growth. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) IMF is an intercontinental conglomerate dealing with money matters with the aim of propping up the potency of finances across nations. The corporation also engages in decreasing poverty levels, sponsoring sustainable development within an economy, facilitating levels of employment and making international trade possible (International Monetary Fund, 2013).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The background of IMF The International Monetary Fund was found in the fiscal 1945 at a conference in the United States. When approximated, the member states forming IMF all over the world encompass more than 188 nations. Indeed, both the Briti sh and United States governments laid hand in the creation of IMF. In the main, IMF has played a greater role in outlining the economy of the entire world. The institution engages in lessening poverty levels, subsidizing economic development, and ensures the eradication of unemployment in member states. Similarly, the originators of the IMF were Dexter Harry and Keynes John during a Conference held at Britton Woods (Clift, 2001). The goals of IMF The utmost goal of IMF was to lend hand in the global payment scheme during global re-enactment, which occurred after the Second World War. The International Monetary Fund aspires to develop the member states’ economies with autonomous policies and economic surveillance. Besides, IMF seeks to help different people to transact freely through ensuring global financial stability in matters related to payments and exchange rates. Hence, IMF essentially trims down poverty, advances standards of living, and props up economic developments t hat appear sustainable. In fact, IMF has projects in diverse nations (Clift, 2001). For example in Japan, IMF has improved policy-making flairs of over six hundred junior officers working with the government through the ‘IMF-Japan Cooperation in Capacity Building (International Monetary Fund, 2013).’ The United State Agency for International Development (USAID) The USAID is an organization in charge of the development and assists various overseas inhabitants. The agency is run via the central government of the U.S. The corporation functions in Europe, Latin America, and Africa to encourage democracy, maintain disaster and support the living standards of citizens (Melito, 2010). The background of USAID John Kennedy who was the U.S President by then founded the USAID in the year 1961. Its endorsement via the Foreign Assistance Act enacted by the Congress aimed at facilitating growth and support of foreign countries. Through legislation and yearly Acts on funds appropriati on, the Congress brings up to date the consent of USAID (Melito, 2010). However, USAID as a procedural federal organization works under the leadership of the United States National Security Councils, Secretary of State, and the President. The goals of USAID The USAID possess diverse goals that serve different purposes all over the world. In fact, it has spread out various sets of connections that cover up the occupier countryside operations. The USAID as an agency administers the agenda on goals ranging from socio-economic growth, the United States mutual interests, and worldwide matters in technical business such as atmosphere. Besides, its goals are based on the liberation of poverty as well as aiding states during harsh conditions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and the USAID specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The projects designed and implemented by the USAID sprea d out in the entire world. In Pakistan for instance, the USAID has provided assistance to countless lives that were affected in the course of flood and clashes (Melito, 2010). The recent PPII (Pakistan Private Investment Initiative) is a groundbreaking agenda by the USAID meant to seed private equity finances and control the investment proficiency in corporations with private equity. References Clift, J. (2001). What is the international monetary fund? Cambridge, UK: International Monetary Fund Press. International Monetary Fund (2013). IMF research bulletin, March 2013. Cambridge, UK: International Monetary Fund Press. Melito, T. (2010). International food assistance: USAID is taking actions to improve monitoring and evaluation of non-emergency food aid, but weaknesses in planning could impede efforts. Darby, PA: DIANE Publishing. World Bank Staff (2011). The World Bank groups response to the global economic crisis: Phase I. London, UK: World Bank Publications.

Capture Their Attention in Your Introduction

Capture Their Attention in Your Introduction It was the best of times, it was the worst of times. With those words, Charles Dickens begins one of the most well-known introductions in all of literature. If youre an aspiring novelist, perhaps you dream that one day your words will be as memorable, and remembered, as Dickens opening words in A Tale of Two Cities.If the extent of your writing consists of research papers and other technical documents, you may not feel that your opening lines matter very much. While its true that there are clear stylistic and format differences between a novel and a technical document, they do have something in common. Whatever you write, you want someone to read it. A good introduction will make them want to do so.Your introduction serves several purposes. First, it serves as a way of introducing yourself. Its been said that you never get a second chance to make a first impression. This is your chance. Your readers will view your introduction as a sample of your writing style and, for non-fiction, y our knowledge of the subject. Will you impress them? Or make them wonder if you know what youre talking about?Second, your opening paragraph, or page, introduces your subject. In non-fiction, your introduction will probably explain why you are writing. It will mention the topic that you are writing about and why you feel that it is important. In many forms of non-fiction, such as research papers, it will discuss what has previously been written about the subject and how what you have written differs. It might provide an outline of how you are going to proceed with a discussion of the subject and how the reader will benefit. Likewise in fiction, your introduction introduces your readers to your subject. Usually, this means introducing your protagonist. Herman Melville took this idea literally. In Moby Dick, he has his protagonist introduce himself with the famous words, Call me Ishmael. A more common way of introducing the protagonist is to depict a scene that allows the reader to se e what kind of person they are through their interactions with others.The third purpose for your introduction is related to the other two: you want your readers to continue reading. For some forms of writing, such as technical manuals, your readers may not have a choice; the job or task that they are trying to perform requires that they read what you have written. In most forms of writing, you wont have such a guaranteed readership. If your readers dont like you, or your subject, they may stop reading. Unless you are a well-known author (in which case, I cant imagine why youre reading what Ive written) or you are writing about a very popular subject, your readers will make their decision based, in large part, on your introduction. So, how do you capture their attention?There are several ways that you can capture the attention of your readers in your introduction. In fiction, your goal is to get your readers emotionally involved in the story. As quickly as possible, you want them to identify with your protagonist. Action scenes are an effective way of doing this. They help the reader to immediately identify what kind of person the protagonist is and what problems they are going to have to face and overcome, later in the story. All of us have probably had the experience of thinking about a character in a book, movie, or television show as a real person (rather than a fictional creation or an actor playing a part). This happens because the writer (and the actor for a movie or television show) has done their job well. Theyve portrayed a three-dimensional character with strengths and weaknesses, likes and dislikes. Your challenge as a writer is to convince your readers, in the first few paragraphs, that the person you are writing about is real. Only if you do so will they care what happens to them in the rest of the story.What about non-fiction? How do you capture the attention of your readers? Asking a question can build anticipation for what is to come, but only if its the right question. If its a question that they already know the answer to, why should they continue reading? Even if you are writing about a familiar subject, you can make them eager to continue reading by asking a thought-provoking question, a question that shows that you are going to be discussing an aspect of the subject that theyve never considered.An interesting anecdote is another way to capture the attention of your readers. Perhaps in your research, you came across an exciting or pivotal event in the history of your subject. Why not recount this briefly in your introduction? Then, after youve hooked your readers, you can go back and start at the logical beginning of the subject, fleshing out the opening anecdote when you get to it.For some forms of writing, an illustration might be appropriate. This is especially effective when the subject, or its seriousness, is not readily comprehended by your intended audience.Your introduction is the first thing that people read, but is it the first thing that you write? Since the introduction directs attention to the main body of what you have written, many writers prefer to wait until the rest is written before they tackle the introduction. They feel that this gives them a better idea of what they are introducing. Of course, if while researching your subject, you are inspired and the ideal scene, illustration, or anecdote comes to you, write it down. After all, you can always change it later.So why should you care about your introduction? Because if you dont, your readers may not care whether theres anything after it. Whether you care about it or not, your introduction will introduce you to your readers. It will give them an idea of what they can expect if they continue reading. If you show them why what you have written is important to them, you will have captured their attention in your introduction.

How Higher Taxes for The Rich Actually Hurt the Poor

How Higher Taxes for The Rich Actually Hurt the Poor Do the rich actually pay for the higher taxes when they become law? Technically, the answer is yes. But the reality is that those costs are usually just passed on to other people or spending is restricted. Either way, the net effect is often a huge hit on the economy. Millions of small and medium-sized businesses fall into the target zone for higher taxation. If a small business is hit with higher costs due to an increase in fuel prices or raw goods, those increases are usually just passed on to the consumers, and those with less disposable income see their costs rise to sometimes devastating levels. Trickle-Down Taxation If the feed for livestock increases due to demand, that cost increase is eventually added into the price of a gallon of milk or a pound of cheese. When gas prices more than double causing the transportation costs of the milk and cheese to double, those costs are also built into the prices. And when taxes (income taxes, corporate taxes, Obamacare taxes or otherwise) are raised on the businesses that either produce, transport, or sell the milk and cheese those costs will equally show up in the price of the product. Businesses simply dont just absorb increased costs. Higher taxes are treated no differently than other forms of increased costs and are typically trickled down and paid by consumers in the long run. This makes life harder for both the small businesses seeking to survive by keeping costs competitive but being unable to do so and Americans with less money to spend than just a few years earlier. Middle Class and the Poor hit Hardest on Higher Taxes The main argument made by conservatives is that you dont want to raise taxes on anyone - especially in tough economics times - because the burden of those costs eventually is spread out and hurt lower income Americans. As seen above, higher taxes are simply just passed on to consumers. And when you have many people and businesses involved in the production, transportation, and distribution of products, and they are all paying higher costs, the added costs built into the selling prices quickly begin to add up for the end consumer. So the question is who is most likely to be harmed by increased taxes on the rich? Ironically, it may be the income brackets that continue to demand those higher taxes on others. Taxed More, Spending Less Higher taxes have other consequences that can also impact the lower and mid-range income brackets more than the wealthier people those taxes are supposedly aimed at. Its simple, really: When people have less money, they spend less money. Thats less money spent on personal services, products, and luxury items. Anyone who has a job in sectors that sell expensive cars, boats, houses, or other sometimes luxurious items (in other words, anyone in manufacturing, retail, and construction industries) should want to have a large pool of people looking to buy. Sure its fun to say that so-and-so doesnt need another jet. But if I make jet parts, work as a mechanic, own an airport hangar or am a pilot looking for a job I want there to be as many jets purchased by as many people as possible. Higher taxes on investments also means fewer dollars spent investing as the reward starts to be less worth the risk. After all, why take the chance at losing already-taxed money when any returns on that investment are taxed at even higher rates? The purpose of low capital gains taxes is to encourage people to invest. Higher taxes means less investing. And that would hurt new or struggling businesses seeking financial backing. And taxing charitable donations at normal income rates would also reduce the amount of charitable giving. And who benefits the most from charitable giving? Lets just say not the rich who would simply just be forced to donate less. Liberals: Punish The Rich out of Fairness Its generally accepted that raising taxes on the rich would do little to reduce deficits, close funding gaps, or help the economy. When asked about the potential negatives of raising taxes on anyone, President Obama usually just answers that the matter is about fairness. Then what follows are lies about how the wealthy pay less than fast food workers or secretaries. For instance, Mitt Romneys effective tax rate of about 14% puts him at a tax rate higher than 97% of the population, according to the Tax Foundation. (Nearly half of Americans pay a 0% income tax rate). Its just fair to tax people who have a lot more money than everybody else. Warren Buffett said that it would raise the morale of the middle class to have the rich pay more, also using the false argument that people like Mitt Romney pay less than most middle-class Americans. In reality, a taxpayer would have to make well over $200,000 in regular income to match the Romney or Buffett tax rates. (Thats even taking into account the millions upon millions both guys give to charity, another reason for the low-for-millionaires-but-higher-than-most effective tax rate.) Its also unfortunate to think that any individuals morale would be raised simply because the government takes more and more from someone else. But perhaps that defines the difference between a ​liberal and a conservative.

Analysis adolescence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Analysis adolescence - Essay Example My goal in this paper is to analyse adolescence and youth of today as echoed in Hall’s â€Å"sensation-seeking adolescents† several decades ago. The reasons behind the innate aggressive behavior of males and females are examined. Sexual development is discussed to give light to the questions of heightened sexuality during adolescence. I will try to establish the link between sensation-seeking and risk behavior, especially the occurrence of confusions in adolescents. The different aspects of adolescents’ confusions on matters like physical changes, eating habits, and sexuality are viewed. Their desire to build their own identity keeps them at odd with their parents. They feel nobody loves them so they become closer to their friends. But sometimes, they fall victims to wrong companions and they are led to drugs, unreasonable behavior and other forms of vices. Peer pressure and family pressures are also discussed to unravel what’s going on inside an adolescen t’s mind. Another controversial aspect is the analysis of the child’s sexuality. ... Hall’s â€Å"storm and stress† view is examined in three key aspects: conflict with parents, mood disruptions and peer pressures. In all three aspects, evidence supports a modified storm and stress view that takes into account individual differences and cultural disparities. This paper will present research that both supports and critises the inherent nature of adolescents. The analysis of the case is achieved in three main sections. I will begin by giving the meaning of adolescence. ‘Adolescence is the process of changing from a child into an adult’ (Hurrelnan1994). Furthermore, rapid changes in body size and shape are the most obvious signs of approaching adolescence. Both girls and boys grow swiftly in height. ‘The arm and leg bones lengthen, and the chin and jaws develop so the face takes on a more mature look’ (Rice 1986). Finally, Hall’s observation of adolescence as a period of storm and stress is investigated before concluding. I t is during adolescence that young people mature physically, becomes responsible and start to face the world on their own. ‘It usually begins at the age of 11 and 14, and continues six to ten years’ (Allen 1993). Physical changes are evident in their bodies. ‘The girl’s body becomes more rounded and soft, her hips broaden and her breasts start to develop. Her voice deepens and pubic hair starts to grow. On the other hand, the boy’s body becomes firmer and angular, his voice deepens, his shoulder broadens and hair develops in his body and feet. Sex glands mature in both sexes’ (Santrock 1987). These changes begin before puberty and differ from one person to another. ‘In both sexes, the reproductive organs gradually reach their adult sizes and functions during the first two-thirds of adolescence.

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

International Business - Essay Example The demands and supply in the international market determines the exchange rate of world major currencies. The supply of a nation currency reflects demands for foreign goods services and securities by that country. The demand of a currency of a country reflects foreign demand for that country goods, services and securities from other countries. Ceteris Paribus, the quantity demanded reflects a negative function of the exchange rate. The market gravitates to equilibrium exchange rate where quantity demanded is equal to the quantity supplied. For instance, Ceteris Paribus, from initial equilibrium, if U.S incomes, inflations or foreign interests’ rates rise, U.S demand for foreign goods, services and securities will increase and so will the supply of dollar. The market will gravitate to the new equilibrium at a lower exchange rate that corresponds to the depreciation of the dollar (Bigman and Teizo 2003, p. 88). Similarly, Ceteris Paribus, if foreign incomes, foreign inflations, or U.S interest rates rise, foreign demands for U.S goods, services and securities will rise and so will be the demand for the dollar. The market will gravitate to a new equilibrium at a higher exchange rate that corresponds to an appreciation of the dollar. ... However, it is worth to note that market forces are not the only factors that influence the exchange rate. In addition, Central Bank may intervene in the foreign exchange market selling or buying currencies to impact the exchange rates. Central bank intervenes when the currency becomes either over or under valued. This system is distinctively different from the fixed exchange rate system under the Breton woods accord. Therefore, it is interesting to note that the present international monetary system can be characterized more correctly as a managed float exchange rate system. This is because the exchange rates changes according to demand and supply, however, central bank may intervene when deemed necessary to save the currency (Burton 2009, p.436). Opponent of Floating exchange rate system argues that’s the system leads to exchange rate volatility which consequently affects trade. Analysis of the effect of exchange rate volatility on trade can be grouped into two. There are th ose who use time series evidence to look at the relationship between volatility and trade, and there are those who use cross- sectional comparison across countries. Results on different studies relating to effect of exchange rate volatility and trade using the time series evidence varies quite widely a few have found a significant effect but most finds little or no impact, for instances surveys done by IMF in 1984 and the Commission for European Communities in 1990. This research indicates that higher volatility has a small negative impact on trade volumes (Burton 2009, p.438). Alternatively, comparisons can be made across countries rather than over time. A model of expected trade flows between countries calculates

Human Rights Organizations as Agents of Change Essay - 93

Human Rights Organizations as Agents of Change - Essay Example Some people may also fail to perceive abuses as such as the organization try to change such perception into identification of abuses. The organizations, following effective awareness, then mobilize people into activism and studies have reported effectiveness of the efforts in changing actions that violate human rights and in reducing abuse cases. Framing helps the organization to achieve their awareness and mobilization initiatives. Many frames exist that vary in degree of effectiveness and such degrees depend on an environment in which the frame is applied. The most popular frames, based on resources from Amnesty International in the United States, are informational frames, personal frames, and motivational frames. The study focused on these frames to develop hypotheses for evaluating success and failure of human rights organizations in their advocacy initiatives (McEntire, Leiby, & Krain 407- 415). The study used an experimental design in data collection with questionnaire, with measures on an ordinal scale, as the data collection instrument. A fictitious human rights organization was used and Amazon.com used to recruit 1000 participants who were at least 18 years old. The recruits were assigned, randomly, into four groups. One control group did not receive any campaign initiative prior to response, while the other three groups were exposed to any of the three frames that were identified with effectiveness (informational frame, personal frame, and motivational frame). The treatments reflected on the applied frames by Amnesty International in the United States and those of other major human rights organizations (McEntire, Leiby, & Krain 415- 417).

Shouldice Hopsital Limited Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Shouldice Hopsital Limited - Research Paper Example The bed capacity later increased from 36 to 89. Dr. Shouldice died in 1965, and the facility was taken over by Dr. Nicholas Obney. Dr. Obney became the chairman and the surgeon-in-chief of the institution. Under the leadership of Dr. Obney the hospital started to operate both hospital facilities and clinical facilities. The hospital generally follows the business model of focus on a single standardized service (James & Mona, 2006). This enables the hospital to have a narrow target of clients. Quick, convenient, and reliable cure for external types of abdominal hernias is the main operation line for the hospital. The institution uses its own technique of enabling a relatively short period of recovering after undergoing an operation (James & Mona, 2006). This technique is called the Shouldice method. The basis of this technique was the incorporation of operative and posts operative processes, for instance, using local anesthetics, the nature of the operation process, the design of a fa cility to enable comfortable movement, and design and communication of the regimen by the medical staff. This communication enabled early ambulation. This whole process has cut down number of days a patient would stay in hospital. To the patients this was the most affordable option (James & Mona, 2006). ... More than 300,000 patients have been operated by the surgeons at the hospital. The success rate of operation at the hospital has been more than 99%. Operations of primary inguinal indirect hernia by the surgeons at the hospital are almost 100% (Heskett, 1987). Experience of the Doctors The hospital boosts of twelve surgeons who work on a full time basis. There are eight assistant surgeons working on a part time basis. The operations are carried in teams (Heskett, 2009). Each operation team comprises of four members. These are a senior surgeon, an assistant surgeon, a scrub nurse, and a circulating nurse. Experience of the nurses According to Heskett (2009), total of thirty four nurses are usually on duty at the hospital in a period of 24 hours. The number of nurses available in the facilities during the periods when no operation is in progress is six. These usually carry out counseling to the patients. Work distribution The number of operations carried out in a single day ranges betw een thirty patients to thirty-six patients (Heskett, 2009). The number of patients that a surgeon can operate in a day is three or four at most. A surgeon on day shift ends his or her day at 4 p.m. Hospital facilities The institution operates two facilities namely hospital and clinic in one building. The compound at the institution is divided into three levels. Level one comprises of the kitchen facilities and the dining room. The second level is composed of lounge area, an office for admission, and rooms for patients. The third level in the compound consists of additional rooms for patients and recreational areas (Heskett, 1987). How the hospital operates. The facility deals with two kinds of patients. These are local patients and patients coming from

To what extent do you agree with free market economies being more Essay - 1

To what extent do you agree with free market economies being more effective than a mixed economy - Essay Example All individuals act on their behalf; however the actions are aimed at satisfying consumer needs. The free market economy is controlled by a price mechanism where the prices of goods and services are not determined by the government (Kates, 2011:34). They are determined by the interchange between the forces of demand and supply whereby price acts as an indicator for the suppliers to decrease or increase supply so as to reach an equilibrium between the forces of demand and supply and the best allocation of resources. Income and resources are distributed and allocated efficiently by using the price mechanism. A free market economy is an economic system that is not influenced by the government or other political forces (Kates, 2011:34). The rate of growth in such an economy relies on the level of consumer activity that is connected to the consumers’ purchases. This means that economic growth is possible in an economy that is not controlled by the government. Free market economies are closely linked with capitalism in the modern-day usage and popular culture. Cooperative members, market socialists and supporters of profit sharing support free markets. Why is a free market economy better than mixed economy? A free market economy is better than a mixed economy in various ways. ... Secondly, free market economies are flexible and therefore adjust freely to change. If there is a change in demand of a certain good or service in the market, companies can increase their production to meet the increased demand in the market. Conversely, in a mixed market economy, the government regulates the quantity that is produced and supplied in the market. There is increased competition among the major producers in the company. This mounts increasing pressure on the producers to improve their products and lower their prices so as to attract a higher number of consumers (Sirico, 2012:14). On the contrary, in a mixed economy a central authority such as the state or the government regulates the quality of goods and services. This means that the competition in the prices of goods and services is minimal hence consumers do not benefit in the long-run. In addition, increased competition among the producers encourages production using the latest technology (Kates, 2011:34). In other w ords, increased competition in the market leads to increased innovation that positively contributes to productivity. A free market economy encourages rational self-interest. People have more freedom to undertake actions that they want and to buy and sell what they want. Consumers have more freedom to produce and sell what they want with minimal government interference. However, in a mixed economy, the government sets the standards to be followed by the producers and consumers. Finally, the consumers determine the success or failure of a products or service in the organisation (Sirico, 2012:14). This means that the consumers have more power to drive the prices of goods and the quantity produced. On the other hand, in a mixed economy, a central planning

Employment Testing and Human Resource Management Article

Employment Testing and Human Resource Management - Article Example The researcher states that while Ajila and Okafor give a detailed and informative account of employment testing, the relevance of such testing in Human Resource Management is given only superficial treatment. Ajila and Okafor define Human Resources Management, its objective in matching organizational goals with employee skills, and the use of employment testing as a step in any â€Å"comprehensive screening program†. The authors present an in-depth account of the origin and nature of employment testing, beginning with its roots in the tests of Francis Galton in 1883, and its evolution over the decades: from Alfred Binet’s scales, the Stanford-Binet test, and the Army Tests used in World War I. Ajila and Okafor go on to define psychological tests, and analyze employment testing in terms of validity and reliability. As personnel selection is one of the most significant features of Human Resource Management, the authors explore validity (accuracy, legitimacy) and reliabili ty (dependability or consistency) in terms of measures used to assess the â€Å"attributes related to success on the job†. The authors give a comprehensive report of the various types of tests used in personnel screening and selection, based on cognitive ability, mechanical ability, motor and sensory ability, aptitude, personality, and knowledge. By providing examples of each kind of test, the authors further elucidate the nature of employment testing and the purpose and use of the different tests. Ajila and Okafor conclude with the unequivocal assertion that employment testing should definitely be a part of the process of personnel selection. While the authors give a commendably detailed analysis of the history of psychological testing, and a comprehensive list of the types of tests, the article does not make a strong enough case for the inclusion of such testing in the personnel selection process. Ajila and Okafor do not quote any studies or research to back their stand tha t employment testing is a reliable and valid method of personnel selection.

To what extent do you agree with free market economies being more Essay - 1

To what extent do you agree with free market economies being more effective than a mixed economy - Essay Example All individuals act on their behalf; however the actions are aimed at satisfying consumer needs. The free market economy is controlled by a price mechanism where the prices of goods and services are not determined by the government (Kates, 2011:34). They are determined by the interchange between the forces of demand and supply whereby price acts as an indicator for the suppliers to decrease or increase supply so as to reach an equilibrium between the forces of demand and supply and the best allocation of resources. Income and resources are distributed and allocated efficiently by using the price mechanism. A free market economy is an economic system that is not influenced by the government or other political forces (Kates, 2011:34). The rate of growth in such an economy relies on the level of consumer activity that is connected to the consumers’ purchases. This means that economic growth is possible in an economy that is not controlled by the government. Free market economies are closely linked with capitalism in the modern-day usage and popular culture. Cooperative members, market socialists and supporters of profit sharing support free markets. Why is a free market economy better than mixed economy? A free market economy is better than a mixed economy in various ways. ... Secondly, free market economies are flexible and therefore adjust freely to change. If there is a change in demand of a certain good or service in the market, companies can increase their production to meet the increased demand in the market. Conversely, in a mixed market economy, the government regulates the quantity that is produced and supplied in the market. There is increased competition among the major producers in the company. This mounts increasing pressure on the producers to improve their products and lower their prices so as to attract a higher number of consumers (Sirico, 2012:14). On the contrary, in a mixed economy a central authority such as the state or the government regulates the quality of goods and services. This means that the competition in the prices of goods and services is minimal hence consumers do not benefit in the long-run. In addition, increased competition among the producers encourages production using the latest technology (Kates, 2011:34). In other w ords, increased competition in the market leads to increased innovation that positively contributes to productivity. A free market economy encourages rational self-interest. People have more freedom to undertake actions that they want and to buy and sell what they want. Consumers have more freedom to produce and sell what they want with minimal government interference. However, in a mixed economy, the government sets the standards to be followed by the producers and consumers. Finally, the consumers determine the success or failure of a products or service in the organisation (Sirico, 2012:14). This means that the consumers have more power to drive the prices of goods and the quantity produced. On the other hand, in a mixed economy, a central planning

Protecting our Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Protecting our Environment - Essay Example Global warming and climate changes are the major outcomes of injudicious human activities. It is believed that sustainment of life in this world may become extremely difficult in near future itself if effective measures were not taken to counter environmental problems. Even though the size of the earth remains the same, global population is growing at alarming rates so that it may become extremely difficult for our earth to accommodate or cater the needs of all the people. As each individual contributes heavily to environmental problems, growth of population means growth of environmental problems also. In other words, population growth is directly proportional to environmental problems. As the world population grows, so does hazardous waste, toxic materials polluting our environment and affecting our eco-system. There should be a coordination effort by governments around the world to control pollution affecting our environment in order for human survival for future generations. Water pollution and preventive measures United States has many federal and state laws that have enacted to protect our water system and help regulate the amount of pollutants that affects our water. However, the implementation of these laws are not much effective so that American water sources are getting polluted more and more as time goes on. For example, Colorado River seems to be one of the major victims of environmental pollution in western American region. More than 30 million people use Colorado River as their major drinking water source. However, Colorado River is dying gradually because of environmental problems. â€Å"If climate change results in a 10 percent reduction in the Colorado River's average stream flow as some recent studies predict, the chances of fully depleting reservoir storage will exceed 25 percent by 2057, according to the study† (Future Of Western U.S. Water Supply Threatened By Climate Change, 2010) Irrigation projects are helping agricultural farming in America. However, water drained o ut of the agricultural lands may contain toxic ingredients because of the increased usages of fertilizers, chemicals and pesticides to improve the agricultural yields. Selenium seems to be the major harmful chemical content in irrigated water drained out of the agricultural lands. â€Å"When selenium uptake is too high health effects will be likely to come about. The health effects of various forms of selenium can vary from brittle hair and deformed nails, to rashes, heat, swelling of the skin and severe pains† (Selenium – Se, 2009). The Environmental Protection Agency, have supported and helped enforcement of water laws in our country and have introduced many laws concerning safe drinking water. The Clean Water Act (CWA) establishes the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States and regulating quality standards for surface waters. The basis of the CWA was enacted in 1948 and was called the Federal Water Pollution Contr ol Act, but the Act was significantly reorganized and expanded in 1972. "Clean Water Act" became the Act's common name with amendments in 1977. Under the CWA, EPA has implemented pollution control programs such as setting wastewater standards for industry. CWA act was formulated for the purpose of preventing all types of

Through the Tunnel Essay Example for Free

Through the Tunnel Essay Doris Lessing is a British writer who has a background of upbringing in various Afro-Asian countries like Persia and Rhodesia. But she is living in Britain since 1949. She has written extensively about the racial and also has taken into account the feminist themes like male-female relationship and female identity and freedom in contemporary Western society. There an autobiographical element in â€Å"Through the Tunnel† and she describes her own experiences in it. Symbolism is an important literary element that she utilizes in a subtle way to covey her themes. Through the Tunnel symbolizes her own adolescent experience at recognizing her difference with the world where she resides and the world she belongs to and the passage through the channel of identity crisis. The two areas of coast safe beach and dangerous beach Jerry looks at when he arrives at the coastline symbolize the two different worlds. Like Lessing he resides at a place where he has no solace. He connects his mother to that crowded beach due to the fact she has no identity of her own and is lost among the crowd. Lessing reflects her own image in the form of Jerry as her own parents especially her mother lost her true identity and remained a part of the world where they resided i.e. Persia and Rhodesia. They neither became a part of that society nor their own. â€Å"Jerry’s struggle is that of an individual trying to find his place in the world† (Sobeloff, 1997) Her mother helps him in this regard although she is concerned about him but she thinks that â€Å"Of course hes old enough to be safe without me.† (Lessing)   So she decides to let him go by saying; â€Å"Are you tired of the usual beach, Jerry? Would you like to go somewhere else?†Ã¢â‚¬  (Lessing) The Safe beach is a place that Lessing belongs too. Jerry feels a sense of independence and security while playing on that safe beach. That somewhere else is the place where he craves to go for. For Lessing that place is England i.e. her maternal ancestral home. Although she resided among the native African and felt their pathos and miseries but like Jerry, she â€Å"kept his distance at a stones throw.† (Lessing) Because she was different racially, linguistically and culturally. As â€Å"all of them burned smooth dark brown, and speaking a language he did not understand.† (Lessing) Lessing and Jerry were different from them. The difference was not deep and based on hatred as â€Å"They shouted cheerful greetings at him†. (Lessing) Sobeloff says that â€Å"while there is no overt â€Å"color bar† guiding the interactions between Jerry and the older boys† (Sobeloff, 1997) but it was psychological. So Lessing felts the pains of Africans but psychologically she was an English being. The passage through the tunnel is an effort for one’s own identity and freedom. Lessing has to go through the suffering of this identity but she took it as challenge like jerry. Passage through this identity tunnel was marked with pathos and miseries but she never gave up. Whenever a child hankers after such an adventurous journey, there are friends, relative and parents who counsel and help in these issues but for Jerry there is no one to provide answer to his questions and to relieve him. Same was the case with Lessing. She struggled all alone for her identity and there was no help of any sort available to her. Hanford has beautifully summed up this challenge in her life; â€Å"Lessings life has been a challenge to her belief that people cannot resist the currents of their time, as she fought against the biological and cultural imperatives that fated her to sink without a murmur into marriage and motherhood.† (Hanford, 1995) Jerry toiled day ad night to pass that tunnel; â€Å"That day and the next, Jerry exercised his lungs as if everything, the whole of his life, all that he would become, depended upon it. And again his nose bled at night, and his mother insisted on his coming with her the next day.† (Lessing) Lessing went through the same toil and effort to remove the chasm between herself and her true identity. Because the beach where she was residing â€Å"It was not [her] beach.† (Lessing) Finally she won her fight and But unlike Jerry she â€Å"gave in at once.† (Lessing) Helleron clearly depicts the inner satisfaction of Lessing by saying that â€Å"When Jerry finally achieves his goal, there is no fanfare, no applause, just a quiet celebration within himself knowing that he succeeded.† (Helleron, 1997) References Hanford, Jan. Biography. A Readers Guide to The Golden Notebook Under My Skin, Harper Perennial, 1995. Holleran, Karen.† Through the Tunnel: The Search for Identity and Acceptance†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Short Stories for Students, Gale Research, 1997. Lessing, Doris. The Habit of Loving. London:   MacGibbon Kee, 1957   Sobeloff, Judy. Short Stories for Students, Gale Research, 1997.

OBriens Things They Carried Essay: An American Nightmare

History has shaped every country and their people, in particular negative experiences like the Holocaust in Nazi-Germany or the Vietnam war, involving the United States in a grueling controversy from 1964 until 1975. The author Tim O'Brian confronts an American audience in his short stories "The Things They Carried" with the inhumane consequences of political and military power decisions by rewriting history from a subjective,individual point of view. Thus he forces the audience to take a stand, to ask questions, to get morally and ethically involved. The narrative structure of the "Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong" and "How to Tell a True War Story" contains two levels, the first on being a discourse about the characters of Vietnam stories. The "I", the narrator, introduces 'Rat' Kiley as his source for the narrative that follows. He characterizes stories about war as "strange", "swirling back and forth across the border between trivia and bedlam, the mad and mundane". The stories have a life of their own, reality is not absolute, not final. With this image he describes the ambiguity of war itself, the normality that turns into insanity, he summarizes the narrative about Mary Ann Bell and her experiences with the war. The narrator clearly states the purposes of these stories, he is not interested in factual truths about the war, he openly questions the reliability of his source: "Rat had a reputation for exaggeration and overstatement". He wants the audience to "feel exactly what he felt", an emotional experience, a subjective app roach. The second narrative level tells the story about Mary Ann Bell, the "Sweetheart of the Song Tra Bong". The narrator, probably the author, retells Rat's story in his own words, so that t... ...ositive as well as its negative accomplishments. But how is this to be done, how do we deal with history personally and politically? Ths author Tim O'Brian gives us one answer in "How to Tell a True War Story" on page 69: "You can tell a true war story if it embarrasses you. It you don't care for obscenity, you don't care for the truth; if you don't care for the truth, watch how you vote. Send guys to war, they come home talking dirty". In other words if you don't want war watch how you vote. The connotation of this statement is far reaching, it naturally places responsibility on the American government for having participated in the war, but it foremost appeals to the american public to take responsibility and to use this history, this story to create a better future. Works Cited: O'Brien, Tim. The Things They Carried.New York: Penguin Books USA Inc., 1990.

MacBeth :: essays research papers

I do not agree with the statement because I do think that Macbeth was unimaginative I think that he had quite an imagination and this was shown at least twice in the book. I also do not really think that he was a monster he was really just trying to save his own life. Also I thought he was timid because a lot of the time his wife put him up to things that he did not really want to do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Macbeth was portrayed by Shakespeare to be a strong war hero who drove the Norwegians out of Scotland, and caught the traitor the Thane of Cawdor, when really he was just a timid person who was putting on an act to please people like the king, his wife, and his friends. Although Macbeth is portrayed to be physically strong he is mentally quite weak, and this is shown when he believes every word that the witches say, and he ends up resting, thinking that no one can take him off the throne.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Macbeth is shown to be timid quite a few times in the book, in that he lacks the mental strength to do things, so his wife questions his manhood and calls him weak. After she insulted him, he thinks that he is wrong and she is right, so he go against his own conscience, in the end he was right and Lady Macbeth wrong. Lady Macbeth tells Macbeth when the king is in their castle to “Your hand, your tongue: look like th’ innocent flower, but be serpent under’t.'; What this meant was that Macbeth looked and talked like an innocent little flower, but under that fake mask he was an evil serpent. I agree that Macbeth was unimaginative to a degree but then again he had an imagination because he saw the daggers before he killed King Duncan, and after he got Banquo killed he saw the image of Banquo in his seat. An example of this is stated here: ';Is this a dagger which I see before me, The handle toward my hand? Come, let me clutch Thee. I have thee not, and yet I see thee still. Art thou not, fatal vision, sensible To feeling as to sight, or art thou but A dagger of the mind, a false creation, Proceeding from the heat oppressed brain?'; This is where Macbeth is imagining that there is a dagger in front of him. I think that this shows that he does actually have an imagination and sometimes it gets the better of him.

Good Health Essay

â€Å"‘Good health implies the achievement of a dynamic balance between individuals or groups and their environment.'† (Better Health Commission 1986, cited in Carey, D., Perraton, G.; Weston, K. 2000: 3). According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), ‘health’ can be defined as the absence of illnesses and a state of mental and social well-being (Carey et al. 2000:3). In other words, in order to maintain optimal health, it is imperative to have a well-balanced lifestyle which would include a nutritious diet as well as mental and social well-being. This essay shows that food is one of the many important factors amongst others when striving to maintain good health. This will be demonstrated by examining the three main aspects affecting an individual’s health, in the following order: diet, lifestyle and social fabric of family and society. Diet is considered as one of the most crucial factors contributing to an individual’s health. However, being aware of what constitutes a good diet as opposed to a poor diet is significant in maintaining optimal health in an individual. A diet that is well-balanced includes more fruit, vegetables, wholegrains and less fatty, salty or sugary foods. This would mean avoiding processed meals from takeaways and eating less refined foods. Several main reasons are commonly given for this. The first of this is a poor diet which has been noted to be a major cause of obesity. Obesity appears to be a major risk factor in many diseases such as colorectal cancer and coronary heart disease. In addition, in recent years the number of diet-related diseases has increased proportionately, and is now one of the major causes of death in most western countries including Australia. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (1987 cited in Australian Consumers’ Association 1991: 6), the most significant causes of mortality in 1986 were cancer and heart disease. An explanation for this could be the steady rise in obesity levels within Australia, with many people eating highly processed foods which are laden with calories (Australian Consumers’ Association 1991: 13). It is therefore critical to eat a nutritively healthy diet, in order to successfully maintain good health and weight. Furthermore, an example supporting the above contention is a study conducted by the Willcox team (2004: 2), which reveals that the Okinawans have one of  the highest rates of longevity and have considerably lower risk towards most diet-related diseases which tend to be more prevalent in the ‘affluent countries’ of the West. The most notable difference in the lifestyle of the Okinawans and the Australians is their food consumption, which is low in calories and rich in fibrous foods such as grains, vegetables and soy. The study also states that such a diet has allowed the Okinawans to refrain from extensive free-radical damage to their body, allowing them to live longer and healthier. This reinforces the idea that nutriment consisting of a variety of wholesome meals rather than processed foods is extremely essential in maintaining health that has a lower predisposition to diseases associated with diet. Another vital factor for maintaining optimal health is lifestyle. Grundy (n.d. cited in Cadzow 1996: 32) states that the continuing trend of deteriorating physical conditions is due to the sedentary lifestyles people tend to keep nowadays. It seems that in several modern cities like Australia, people often succumb to a physically inactive way of life because of the presence of numerous technological devices such as television for entertainment and elevators for convenience. For instance, it is quite common to find staff members in many workplaces choosing to send an e-mail to another office that could be just next door, then actually going down personally (Cadzow 1996:32). As a consequence, many people are not able to burn the amount of kilojoules they consume and are therefore rapidly gaining weight and becoming vulnerable to diet-related diseases, which can radically hinder their health. Comparatively, the centenarians of Okinawa have been noted to keep a particularly active lifestyle, even as they grow older, frequently taking part in strenuous activities such as fishing and farming as evidenced by research conducted by the Willcox team (n.d. cited in King Murdoch 2005: 24). As a result of their late retirements and continuous physical activities, the Okinawans seem to enjoy high rates of longevity and good health as compared to the populations of other countries (Mc Devitt 1999: 59). A further critical element characteristic of a healthy lifestyle is to refrain from smoking and limiting alcohol intake to a minimum to enhance  physical well-being (Melton 2001: 32). Hence, it is evident that staying healthy means keeping active. Various simple activities such as dancing, gardening, or brisk walking help to burn kilojoules whilst at the same time providing enjoyment. Such activities can easily be done by everyone to keep healthy. Finally, social development also plays a fundamental role in promoting and maintaining good health. Perry (1997: 26) notes that the elderly that live with their children and grandchildren gain several positive impacts on their social and mental well-being. These benefits include emotional and physical support from their children along with a close-knit social network, both of which are significant to maintaining good social condition as evidenced by World Health Organisation’s definition of ‘health’. Conversely, the elderly are able to give emotional support to their family members, as well as recommend healthy dietary choices in order to encourage better health which provides mutual benefits to all members of the family, and allows for a dynamic state of wellbeing. Another example highlighting the importance of culture in the maintenance of health is the Okinawan approach to life, which is full or enthusiasm and positive outlooks, which enables strong ‘social integration’. Further evidence in support of this contention includes studies conducted by several researchers in the West, which have revealed that easy going people with optimistic attitudes generally tend to outlive the pessimistic (Melton 2001: 32). In addition to keeping a positive outlook, coping with stress effectively is another important aspect in relation to mental condition. Meditation and spirituality, helps to reinforce the mental as well as social aspect of healthiness, thus increasing the ‘psychospiritual health’. It can therefore be summarised that being cheerful and engaging in social activities promotes better health. In conclusion, it is evident that maintaining optimal health requires consideration of a variety of factors including the type of food consumed, the sort of lifestyle maintained and the existence of an interactive environment. Since all these factors affect the balance of an individual’s health, it is very difficult to say which particular one is more essential than another. Rather, it is the combination of all three dynamic features  that enables the sustainment of a healthy life, without the incidence of diseases because health is a continual journey and the successful blend of physical, mental and social equilibrium is of utmost importance. As summarised by the Wilcox team, â€Å"[T]he issue is not how long we live, it is how well we live.

Why Does Population Density Varies So Much Within The UK?

Population Density is affected by many factors such as the relief, the climate, the vegetation, the soil, the natural resources and water supply.In the UK, population density varies so much as for example, London has a high population density because it has a great relief which includes flat land which will be easy to build infrastructures but Scotland has a poor relief as it has mountains and hills which means it will be difficult to build infrastructures so therefore, less people will want to vive there since there is a sparse amount of infrastructures like hospitals, roads, shops and schools so traveling to these destinations will be long.Factors like economic and social factors also affect the I-J as the economic factor can provide people transport, industrial areas, offices and ports. London has more Jobs than Scotland as it has more tertiary Jobs than primary Jobs which are paid more so this will populate London more as more people will come to London for Jobs.The social actor will attract more people to populate but Scotland has less health care, houses, entertainment, education and tourist attractions than London so therefore, people will want to go to places that contain these as they don't want to be bored. The vegetation factor populates Scotland as there are large grass areas, trees and fallow land which attracts people who like to live In grassy areas with clean air but London doesn't have a lot of vegetation as It Is more urban than Scotland.

Internal and External factors at Wal-Mart Essay

In 1962, Sam Walton opened the first Wal-Mart store and the retailing giant has been rising to success ever since. Various factors have played an integral role in the success of Wal-Mart, but without the strong execution of the four functions of management, Wal-Mart would have failed like many others. This paper will discuss in detail the how internal and external factors affect the four functions of management. GlobalizationIn 1993 Wal-Mart formed their International Division which was crucial to their success because they needed to remain competitive with other industry giants. When Wal-Mart entered a new country, careful planning was conducted to meet the demands of that specific country. A recent special on the history of Wal-Mart showed their expansion into China. Wal-Mart’s president did not realize that most families in China do not own a washer and dryer. Therefore, Wal-Mart removed all their detergents designed for machine washing and replaced them with detergent especially for hand washing. Wal-Mart brings thousands of people into their stores worldwide who are looking to begin a new career, as well as, shop. Without the organization of each department within Wal-Mart’s facilities, harmony within the company would crumble. Employees from every department work together to achieve the goals set for each store. Wal-Mart’s goal is to be the largest retailing organization in the world, and has achieved such status by adhering to strict organizing standards. Wal-Mart believes that in order to be a good leader, you must inspire trust and be rewarding. A statement Sam Walton once said is the motto Wal-Mart employees live by: â€Å"It’s more important than ever that we develop leaders who are servants, who listen to their partners – their associates – in a way that creates wonderful moral† (walmartstores.com, n.d.). This way of thinking has been passed down to all employees and has proven to create a productive work environment. Wal-Mart continuously finds ways to guarantee their over-all success by controlling and monitoring the plans they set out. Ideas that work in one  market, may not work in others. In order to find what works best for each market, new ideas are implemented and tracked for success. Ideas that prove to be successful can then be tried in other markets. In order for Wal-Mart to continue to grow, dynamic ideas are required of management frequently. TechnologyTechnology played a big part in the globalization of Wal-Mart. By 1975, Wal-Mart had over 125 stores and $340.3 million in sales. At this time they leased the IBM 370/135 computer system. This system allowed them to maintain inventory control for all merchandise in the warehouse and distribution centers, including prepare income statements for each store. From 1975 to 2004, Wal-Mart experienced a number of changes relating to technology which included in 1983, the company began using the bar coding system which identifies to the system what item the customer is purchasing and its cost. In 1987, they completed the largest satellite communication system that linked the company as whole with two-way voice, data and one-way video communication. (2006)As the company continued to experience phenomenal growth they had to look at newer forms of technology to keep up with the development of so many stores. In 2004, the company announced that it would deploy the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology on January 1, 2005 (2006). This technology allowed their central management system to track new shipments, product purchases, and alerted them when items need to be re-stocked via a wireless communication (Plunkett, 2008). Wal-Mart uses technology to enhance all areas of its business. A one-hour online photo center, for example, allows customers to download photos and pick up the photos at the store of their choice within an hour. In the past, the customer would download the photos and wait for them to be mailed. On the music side, a pilot program involving in-store kiosk at 100 stores lets shoppers buy one song off a CD without purchasing the whole CD. The kiosks let shoppers create custom CDs that can hold up to 100 songs. The finished CD is then picked up at the one-hour photo center. In pharmacy, new technology allows personnel to retrieve a patient’s prescription information at any location simply by knowing the patient’s name and type of medication. The patient does not have to know his or her prescription number, insurance information or at what store the prescription was originally filled  (Wal-Mart Technologies Enhance Visible and Behind-Scenes Services, July 2005). InnovationWal-Mart’s continued drive towards innovation sustains its global footprint. Wal-Mart continues to be a leader in the business world. It’s evident that Wal-Mart strives continually to introduce new and different ways to market their business and uphold competitive advantage and introduce new ways to build relationships with employees, customers, and the humanitarian world. Wal-Mart’s resourcefulness is widely shown in their in-bound logistics. Wal-Mart’s satellite network is the largest private satellite communication system in the United States, this along with its strategic locations for their distribution centers have given them another competitive edge. Unlike other competitors who house less than half of their inventory in distribution centers, Wal-Mart houses over 80 percent in their distribution center; this purpose being more sales space for the stores and 100 percent in-stock position. To cut costs Wal-Mart places distribution centers in locations that allow for no more than a day’s drive between stores. In addition, Wal-Mart’s satellite communication system enables all stores to share information with the distribution center and between the distribution center and its vendors. This communication method allows for an accurate assessment of inventory needs and cuts down inventory overstock. Wal-Mart is now aiming their innovative techniques towards the up-in-coming green trend. The company has created experimental stores that save energy, conserve natural resources, and reduce pollution. Just one example of Wal-Mart’s focus to conserve natural resources and reduce pollution is their efforts to only sell concentrated detergents. This effort is estimated to have an impact that will save more than 400 million gallons of water, more than 95 million pounds of plastic resin, and more than 125 million pounds of cardboard (Walmart.com, 2008). These are just some examples of Wal-Mart’s innovative spirit. Wal-Mart’s clear innovative drive continues to move the company into new and exciting ventures. Diversity Now the internal and external factors that impact the four functions of management (planning, organizing, leading, and controlling) at Wal-Mart come from all parts of the company such as: the board of directors, associates, suppliers, and customers. For example, the Wal-Mart web site states that their â€Å"†¦commitment to Diversity and Inclusion helps†¦Ã¢â‚¬  them â€Å"†¦build and retain a diverse workforce and supplier base† and that commitment is extended â€Å"†¦into the communities where†¦Ã¢â‚¬  they â€Å"†¦work and live through various community outreach programs† (walmartstores.com, n.d.). In addition Bateman & Snell (2007) express that â€Å"†¦you should devote adequate attention and resources to all four functions† of management (p. 18). The Wal-Mart web site indicates that the company values diversity and have made it part of their business plan which is part of their success. Now with that in mind, Wal-Mart has recently been recognized as one of the â€Å"Best Companies for Asian Pacific Islanders† by the Asian Enterprise magazine, which offers a good indication that Wal-Mart has devoted adequate attention and resources to the use of all four functions of management. Now a note from the successful retail giants:As the world’s largest retailer, we value diversity and foster a working environment that enriches the personal and professional experiences of our associates, promotes excellence, and cultivates the intellectual and personal growth of the entire associate population. We make diversity part of our business plan, ensuring we can continue to be a global leader in all aspects of Diversity and Inclusion. (walmartstores.com, n.d.)EthicThe American federation of labor-congress of Industrial suggest that Wal-mart was intended to be sex discriminative to poverty-level wages with the term Wal-mart on their problem to drive some business away and they was hopeful that it was going to be enough to alter the companies policies. This is supported by the center for community and corporate ethics. Wal-mart was tired of this allegation, so they launched a blitz ad in about 100 newspapers, to let everyone know that â€Å"Wal-mart is working for everyone.† â€Å"Spokesperson Sarah Clark denies that the company’s low prices depend on low wages.† Bernstein (2005). The labor leaders believe  that the AFL-CIO wants Wal-mart to look bad with a new publicity campaign. The Wal-mart labor’s plans have stayed the same because of all the negative publicity and it has hurt the employees’ morale of the Wal-mart Inc. Chris Ohlinger, â€Å"CEO of Service Industry Research Systems Inc,† Chris Ohlinger taking a survey on the customers that use to shopper there and do not stop any more because of the public criticism. Wal-mart low prices remain low to help the working poor. â€Å"Wal-mart CEO H. Lee Scoot, asked the employees â€Å"to take the moral high ground† on the further criticism. Wal-mart had just settled with about $11 million on hiring illegal immigrants to clean the stores. This is one the biggest sex discrimination lawsuit in the history of retailer just because the grass-roots organizations do not want this retailer in the area. â€Å"In a five-minute video message to Wal-mart’s workers, Scott told employees that they were expected to do the right thing every time, and he encouraged them to report unethical behavior to superiors or use the company’s ethics hotline, according to spokeswoman Mona Williams.† â€Å"It is a mark of our strength that when we uncover issues, we deal with them, do the right thing and are a stronger company as a result, â€Å"Scott said in the telecast to 1.2 million workers.† Grant (2005)In conclusion people should not always believe what is told to them in the public room, people have to evaluate for themselves and stick to their ethic believes. Reference: Wal-Mart (n.d.). Servant Leadership. Retrieved June 21, 2008., fromhttp://walmartstroes.com/AboutUs/289.aspx(2006). 45 Years of Wal-Mart History: A Technology Time Line. Academy of Information & Management Sciences. Plunkett, J. W. (Last updated February 21, 2008). Retail Technologies Leap Ahead. [Electronic version]. Retail Industry. Retrieved June 21, 2008 from http://www.plunkettresearchonline.com. Wal-Mart Technologies Enhance Visible and Behind-Scenes Services. (2005, July). Retail Merchandiser, Retrieved June 21, 2008, from Business Source Complete database. Govindarajan, V. & Gupta, A. (1999). Taking Wal-Mart Global: Lessons From Retailing’s Giants, Retrieved June 21, 2008, from http://www.strategy-business.com/press/16635507/13866Walmart Completes Goal To Sell Only Concentrated Liquid Laundry Detergent, Retrieved June 21, 2008, from http://walmartstores.com/AboutUs/7603.aspxBateman, T.S., & Snell, S.A. (2007). Management: The New Competitive Landscape. [University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text]. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Retrieved June 10, 2008, from University of Phoenix, MGT330 Web site. Diversity. (n.d.). Retrieved June 20, 2008, from http://walmartstores.com/Diversity/

Technology Impacting The Changes In The 21st Century Workplace Research Paper

Technology Impacting The Changes In The 21st Century Workplace - Research Paper Example ICT makes telecommunication possible (Drucker, 2001). It enables employees to work from virtual offices and communicates with individuals and businesses around the world. Flexible work schedules are increasingly gaining popularity since employees can accomplish numerous obligations, responsibilities or duties at home or while traveling. There are business apps and software that enable employees to access business directories and databases even outside the vicinity of the enterprise building. According to Mayhew (2014), it is common to find team Managers and business leaders who live and work in different towns and cities and even in different countries. Further escalation of business application and involvement with ICT is due to the social media that has a vast outreach of populations across different demographic levels including age, gender, workgroup or class, race and religions (Lee, 2010). In reference to Drucker (2001), ICT has numerous roles in the 21st-century business world. The functions of ICT, particularly software apps for businesses, can be enlisted in different ways depending on the area of application. The general organization software apps break down corporate barriers, allowing product groups, functional departments or even factory workers to find and share critical business related information instantly (OBrien, 2005). OBrien (2005) argues that to the company’ Operations ICT reduces defects, shrinks cycle times, and cuts waste. Service companies, for instance, use ICT to streamline communication and to order with customers and suppliers. In reference to Rijsenbrij (2009), ICT is very significant in business staffing.

Whether to Publish a Rape Victim's Name Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Whether to Publish a Rape Victim's Name - Essay Example This raises both ethical and legal aspect in which the police might fall in the pressure of the public to expedite the findings on the people involve. This consequentially gives wrong leads and the police might end up with the wrong people. The legal aspect is that the police might face liability later upon deeper findings on how the real culprits. The editor or the news director must consider whether the rape victim is okay with the story being shared with other people. The rape aspect is a sensitive aspect and therefore requires the media to confide to the victim on whether to publish the story. Publishing the story without informing the victim is contrary to private life and amounts to unethical standards on a professional journalism career (McBride & Tom 12). Rape victims normally undergo tough situations and suffer from illnesses like posttraumatic stress (Smith 19). Therefore, they tend to shy away from anything that reminds them of the ordeal. Therefore, according to journalism standards, an editor must consider whether the victim in question is at the position of handling consequent reminders of the painful experience. This has to be weighed b understanding the victim’s background and establish prior to the

The Assault on Reason by Al Gore Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Assault on Reason by Al Gore - Essay Example Extrapolating this to â€Å"The Assault on Reason† by Al Gore, the basic premise is essentially the same. The practice of politics that is an affront to reason and instead preys upon my insecurities and fears often leads to sections of society, by their nature of being less privileged, vulnerable to further exploitation. In a society where there is a premium on high skilled jobs filled by people with college degrees and access to sophisticated programs of skill development, the marginalization of certain ethnic communities happens in a â€Å"double whammy† fashion. First, these communities are not able to put themselves through college or pay for acquiring specialized skills. In a further affront, they are pushed down the chain as a result of non availability of jobs that can employ them. Thus, they not only are left out of the race but go down the â€Å"food chain† as well. This is just one instance of how the current political and economic structure favors a pr ivileged few at the expense of the majority. If Al Gore were to re-write his book, he can draw lots of inspiration from Prof. Young’s framework and this paper looks at how the ideas of Gore as well as Young have a certain convergence as far as the theme of oppression is concerned. Essentially, both Al Gore and Prof. Young have the same theme of state power and power of the elite employing the methods of control and influence. While Prof. Young has provided a framework of oppression listing the five faces, Al Gore details the practices of state and elite control over the masses. The difference here is one of theory (Young) and practice (Gore) that may be explained by the fact that while Prof. Young’s was an academic study, Al Gore’s book was made for a wider target audience and written in a style that is easily understood by the lay reader. Each chapter of Al Gore’s book is a detailed description of the ways in which the mainstream media, the

Ethics in History Film Response Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethics in History Film Response Paper - Essay Example Much of the cast consists of Algerians. The film is available in three versions of different lengths: 120, 125 and 135 minutes respectively. This paper attempts to interpret the films political connotation in light of historical developments since the colonial period. Much of the film is a flashback of Ali, the Algerian Front de Liberation (FLN) leader. The flashback begins when the French generals corner him in 1957. Some three years before the French hunt him down, Ali was a mere thief who made the decision to be part of the secretive organization (FLN) with the hope that he could rescue Casbah from the atrocities of the colonial government. Pontecorvo goes to the roots of the liberation struggle and unearths the stringent measures that the French government resorted to in a bid to calm the situation before it reached a national scale. When Ali’s flashback is done with, the French murder generals him alongside other notorious FLN leaders. Thereafter, the film resumes a more general focus that eventually culminates in the independence declaration for the African nation in 1962. Imperialism has been a strange issue to most filmmakers. In fact, Pontecorvo did a great job to highlight some of the thorny questions surrounding Western colonialism in the Battle of Algiers. He paints out the picture of imperialism even as the West is fighting hard to eradicate terrorism and rebel tactics of indigenous people. Pontecorvo drives home the point that even though the French torturous operations earned them defeat against the Algerian rebels during the war, the rebels finally had the last laugh as the French could not hold on to the colony for long. This contrast raises the debate as to whether the use of violent means is effective enough to deal with acts of terrorism currently growing worldwide. The film should not be underrated because of its underlying implications. The United States is particularly on the limelight owing

Comparing elements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Comparing elements - Essay Example "To love him so deeply still; and yet I'm here,"-an excerpt from William Trevor’s â€Å"The Room†, were words uttered by Katherine as a vivid evidence of her will to be free from her smoldering curiosity about the notion of deceit. Her fervor-less affair with an unnamed lover satisfied her curiosity as she finally said, â€Å"So, this is what it felt like for Phair†. Her primary aims were completed, however, she resumed her sexual ventures with her lover and made it as an alibi for her to gain entrance to her lover’s room in which she found a haven that will shield her from her dynamic fears. On the contrary, the entities in â€Å"The Storm† authored by Kate Chopin seemed to take adultery as an archway to cherish freedom. Monsieur Alcee Laballiere  and his wife Clarisse decided to set apart for some time. They esteemed freedom brought about by their provisional separation in different manners. â€Å"Devoted as she was to her husband, their intima te conjugal life was something which she was more than willing to forego for a while† this quote taken from Chopin’s text refers to freedom that served as Clarisse’s respite as she is fervently yearning to have another feel of her lighthearted moments as an unmarried woman.

Why Soft Drink Industry Is Profitable Essay Example for Free

Why Soft Drink Industry Is Profitable Essay 1. Why was the soft drink industry so profitable? Soft drink industry observed growth rate from its inception 1886 to 1990, the consumption of soft drinks saw remarkable growth, below data shows the growth in United State’s consumption. Year| 1899| 1970| 1980| 1990| Consumption| 0. 6| 22. 7| 34. 5| 47. 4| #Consumption: Gallons per person per year Financial figures also back the growth story of the Soft Drink market. ROE %| 1972| 1975| 1980| 1981| 1982| 1983| 1984| 1985| 1986| 1987| 1988| 1989| 1990| Coke| 22| 21| 20| 21| 18| 19| 23| 24| 27| 29| 31| 49| 36| Pepsi| 16| 18| 20| 20| 14| 17| 12| 30| 22| 24| 24| 23| 22|. ROE is even higher across years and it increased to 36% for Coke and 22% for Pepsi in 1990 from 22% and 16% in 1972 respectively. The main reason for being profitable is that the United States market took the soft drinks overwhelmingly and gradually it became a part of their life style also the manufacturing process for concentrate was simple and required small investment, significant cost were to advertise, promotion, market research etc, while bottling process was extremely capital-intensive and involved specialized, high speed lines, but there was no considerable investments required on Advertisements, promotions and market research etc. This way Concentrate Manufacturers and Bottlers complemented each other for higher profit margins by sharing cost on in procurement, production, marketing and distribution. Many of their functions overlap; for instance, Concentrate Manufacturers do some bottling, and bottlers conduct many promotional activities. Balance Sheet data for year 1986 shows that pretax profit as % of assets was $. 40 per case for Concentrate Producers and $. 37 for Bottlers. The Cola war between Coke and Pepsi played significant role to increase the consumer base as both came up with new strategies and ideas to grab the market share from others that resulted to new markets and new consumers.